外傭日常照顧小朋友必須要注意的事

🛡️ 一、安全第一 | Safety First

• 尖銳物品（刀、剪刀、針）放在高處或鎖好 | Keep sharp items (knives, scissors, needles) high or locked

• 插座加裝安全蓋 | Cover all electrical outlets

• 傢俱邊角包好防撞墊 | Pad sharp furniture corners

• 窗戶安裝安全鎖，陽台欄杆定期檢查 | Window locks, check balcony rails regularly

• 藥物、清潔劑放小朋友拿不到的地方 | Store medicine and cleaners out of reach

• 小型玩具零件檢查，避免誤吞 | Check toy parts regularly, prevent choking

• 地上雜物隨時整理，保持走道暢通 | Keep floors clear of clutter

• 永遠牽好小朋友的手 | Always hold child's hand firmly

• 人多的地方抱起嬰幼兒 | Carry infants in crowded areas

• 注意來往車輛，靠路邊行走 | Watch for traffic, walk on sidewalk

• 隨身帶水和緊急聯絡卡 | Bring water and emergency contact card

• 不讓小朋友離開視線範圍 | Never let child out of sight

• 過馬路時先停下觀察左右 | Stop and look both ways before crossing

• 樓梯上下扶好欄杆 | Hold railing on stairs

• 不讓小朋友爬高處 | No climbing high places

• 浴室保持乾燥防滑倒 | Keep bathroom dry to prevent slips

• 出門穿防滑鞋 | Wear non-slip shoes outside

• 教會較大孩子記住家長電話 | Teach older kids parent's phone number

• 外出可使用防走失背包/繩 | Use harness for young children outdoors

🍽️ 二、飲食安全 | Food Safety

• 3歲以下食物切成小塊 | Cut food into small pieces for under 3

• 不要給小朋友完整堅果、爆米花 | No whole nuts or popcorn for young kids

• 葡萄、櫻桃等先去籽切半 | Halve grapes and cherries, remove seeds

• 吃飯時坐好不跑動 | Sit while eating, no running

• 家長未確認前不自行餵食新食物 | Never feed new food without parent's approval

• 學會基本噎食急救法（見緊急處理）| Learn basic choking first aid (see Emergency section)

• 熱湯、熱水放在小朋友够不到處 | Keep hot soup/water out of reach

• 試溫後再給小朋友吃喝 | Test temperature before feeding

• 不讓小朋友靠近爐灶、熨斗 | Keep children away from stove/iron

• 洗澡時先放冷水再加熱水 | Add cold water first, then hot for bath

• ❌ 蜂蜜（1歲以下）| Honey for babies under 1 year old

• ❌ 整顆果凍/軟糖 | Whole jelly cubes or gummy candy

• ❌ 生或半熟蛋肉 | Raw or undercooked eggs/meat

• ❌ 未經高溫消毒的奶製品 | Unpasteurized dairy products

• ❌ 有骨頭的魚肉（需先剔骨）| Fish with bones (must debone first)

• ❌ 過鹹、過甜、加工食品 | Salty, sugary, processed foods

🚫 三、絕對不可做的事 | Absolutely Never Do

• ❌ 把小朋友单独留在家中或車內 | Never leave child alone at home or in car

• ❌ 用力搖晃嬰兒 | Never shake a baby

• ❌ 打、捏、用力拉扯小朋友 | Never hit, pinch, or pull a child

• ❌ 給小朋友吃未經家長允許的食物 | Never feed child without parent's permission

• ❌ 未經允許帶小朋友去任何地方 | Never take child anywhere without permission

• ❌ 讓陌生人進門接觸小朋友 | Never let strangers near children

• ❌ 用手機/電視代替看管 | Never use phone/TV as babysitter

• ❌ 在小朋友面前表現負面情緒 | Never show negative emotions to children

• ❌ 未經允許拍照/錄影小朋友 | Never photograph/record child without permission

• ❌ 把藥物說成糖果哄小朋友 | Never call medicine "candy"

• ❌ 讓小朋友玩火柴、打火機 | Never let children play with matches/lighters

• ❌ 將塑膠袋/繩子放在小朋友可觸及處 | Never leave plastic bags/ropes within reach

🚨 四、緊急情況處理 | Emergency Response

• 🔴 發燒超過38.5°C或持續發燒 | Fever over 38.5°C or persistent fever

• 🔴 嘔吐、腹瀉不止 | Continuous vomiting or diarrhea

• 🔴 摔倒撞到頭部 | Head injury from fall

• 🔴 嚴重過敏反應（紅腫、呼吸困難）| Severe allergic reaction (swelling, breathing difficulty)

• 🔴 被陌生動物咬傷 | Bitten by unknown animal

• 🔴 誤吞異物或藥物 | Swallowed foreign object or medicine

• 🔴 燙傷、割傷流血不止 | Burns or bleeding that won't stop

• 🔴 意識不清、暈倒 | Loss of consciousness

• 🔴 任何意外受傷 | Any injury from accident

• 🔴 小朋友走失 | Child goes missing

• 噎食：海姆立克急救法（拍背5次+壓胸5次交替）| Choking: Heimlich (5 back slaps + 5 chest thrusts alternating)

• 燙傷：冷水冲洗20分鐘，不要塗牙膏/油 | Burns: Cool water 20 mins, no toothpaste/oil

• 割傷：清水冲洗，乾淨紗布加壓止血 | Cuts: Rinse with water, apply pressure with clean gauze

• 流鼻血：頭前傾，捏鼻翼10分鐘 | Nosebleed: Lean forward, pinch nose 10 mins

• 發燒：鬆衣散熱，記錄體溫和時間 | Fever: Loosen clothing, record temp and time

• 摔倒：觀察意識、嘔吐、嗜睡症狀 | Falls: Watch for confusion, vomiting, drowsiness

• 隨身攜帶家長聯絡電話 | Keep parent's phone number with you

• 記錄最近醫院地址 | Know nearest hospital location

• 了解住址以便緊急服務 | Know your address for emergency services

🌟 五、日常照顧重點 | Daily Care Essentials

• 按時餵奶/吃飯，遵循家長安排 | Feed on schedule as per parent's instructions

• 協助如廁訓練，耐心鼓勵 | Help with toilet training, be patient and encouraging

• 確保充足睡眠，規律作息 | Ensure adequate sleep, maintain routine

• 根據天氣增減衣物 | Dress child appropriately for weather

• 定時更換尿片，保持乾爽 | Change diapers regularly, keep dry

• 協助穿脫衣物，培養自理能力 | Help dress/undress, build independence

• 勤洗手（飯前飯後、如廁後）| Wash hands frequently (before/after meals, toilet)

• 定時修剪指甲 | Trim nails regularly

• 早晚刷牙，培養口腔衛生 | Brush teeth morning and night

• 玩具定期清洗消毒 | Clean and disinfect toys regularly

• 勤換衣服，保持整潔 | Change clothes often, keep clean

• 外出回家先洗手換衣 | Wash hands and change clothes after going out

• 陪伴玩玩具、閱讀繪本 | Play with toys, read picture books together

• 帶到戶外適度活動、曬太陽 | Go outside for fresh air and sunshine

• 避免劇烈運動和危險遊戲 | Avoid rough play and dangerous games

• 使用安全合格的玩具 | Use safe, age-appropriate toys

💬 六、溝通與情緒 | Communication & Emotions

• 用溫柔語氣，蹲下與孩子平視 | Speak gently, get on child's eye level

• 說話簡單清晰，耐心重複 | Use simple words, repeat patiently

• 多稱讚鼓勵，少批評責怪 | Praise more, criticize less

• 遵守承諾，樹立信任 | Keep promises, build trust

• 傾聽孩子說話，給予回應 | Listen to child, respond thoughtfully

• 叫孩子名字代替命令 | Use child's name instead of commands

• 哭鬧時先了解原因 | Find cause when child cries

• 給予擁抱和安慰 | Offer hugs and comfort

• 保持冷靜，不发火 | Stay calm, never lose temper

• 轉移注意力到正面事物 | Redirect to positive activities

• 給孩子安全感，告知爸媽很快回來 | Reassure child, tell them parents will return

• 睡前陪伴，講故事唱兒歌 | Read stories, sing songs at bedtime

• ❌ 不體罰、不大聲斥責 | Never hit or yell

• ❌ 不比較、不羞辱孩子 | Never compare or humiliate

• ✅ 用正向引導代替禁止 | Use positive guidance

• ✅ 明確告知什麼可以做 | Clearly state what is allowed

• ✅ 獎勵好行為，忽視輕微問題 | Reward good behavior, ignore minor issues

• ✅ 情緒激動時先冷靜再處理 | Calm down before addressing issues

💝 寫在最後 | Final Note

安全第一 🛡️ 沒有家長授權，不做任何決定 | Safety First 🛡️ Never decide without parent's approval

時刻警覺 👀 小朋友的安全是你的首要責任 | Stay Alert 👀 Child's safety is your top priority

有疑必問 ❓ 不確定就問，永遠別猜測 | Ask When Uncertain ❓ Never guess, always ask